• Arsenic is an endocrine disruptor with estrogenic activity F

  2021-05-20

  

  Arsenic is an endocrine disruptor with estrogenic activity. Further study has shown that arsenic exposure can significantly increase the expression of estrogen receptor-related genes, steroid metabolism-related enzymes and lung cancer-related genes in the lung tissues of female mice on the occurrenc

• br Introduction Fibroblast growth factors FGF

  2021-05-20

  

  Introduction Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are a family of 18 secreted ligands that bind to four receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) FGF receptors (FGFR1–4). The interaction of FGFs with their cognate receptors results in the activation of a number of downstream signaling pathways, including the MAP

• According to the Nomenclature Committee of

  2021-05-20

  

  According to the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (NC-IUBMB, 1992), peptidases are divided into two classes, namely exopeptidases and endopeptidases, based on their actions on substrates and their active sites, respectively. Endopeptidases inclu

• br Introduction Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

  2021-05-20

  

  Introduction Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common types of cancer in East Asia and is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide.1, 2 Surgery is widely used for treatment in localized disease, where it can provide definitive management and potential cure. Tre

• Methods br Results br Discussion It is well

  2021-05-20

  

  Methods Results Discussion It is well established that CRSwNP is characterized by TH2 inflammation and eosinophilia.22, 27 Yet it is becoming increasingly apparent that B cells might play an important role in the inflammatory response within the sinus tissue of patients with CRSwNP.8, 9 The l

• br Marginal zone lymphoma Marginal zone lymphoma MZL

  2021-05-20

  

  Marginal zone lymphoma Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) comprises three lymphoma entities that arise from the marginal zone surrounding the germinal center: extranodal MZL or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), splenic MZL, and nodal MZL. Deep sequencing of nodal MZL patients found that 5/35 (1

• Here we discuss implications of several major

  2021-05-20

  

  Here, we discuss implications of several major families of RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligases (MDM, Cullin, GRAIL, TRAF, TRIM) as targets in inflammation and immunity, and provide insights into potential small molecule interventions to mediate the cellular responses (summarized in Table 1). We briefly c

• Another pathway that requires proper DUB recruitment is the

  2021-05-20

  

  Another pathway that requires proper DUB recruitment is the DNA damage response (DDR). After ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage, monoubiquitylated proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) mediates signaling that leads to repair. The DUB complex USP1/USP1-associated factor 1 (UAF1) deubiquitylates

• br Results The AR genotype frequencies are shown

  2021-05-20

  

  Results The AR genotype frequencies are shown in Table 1. Alleles at the two loci are in linkage disequilibrium, as expected for such closely linked loci and consistent with previous findings (Kittles et al., 2001). The genotype frequency for the DBH 1021 polymorphism is similar to previous find

• Interest in DGKs increased as

  2021-05-20

  

  Interest in DGKs increased as it became clear that not only are they important for lipid homeostasis, they serve to modulate the relative levels of diacylglycerol (DAG) and phosphatidic trovafloxacin (PtdOH) that play critical roles in a variety of signaling pathways (Eichmann and Lass, 2015; Liu e

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Serum triglyceride conce

  2021-05-20

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Serum triglyceride concentrations increase following ingestion of a fat containing meal resulting in postprandial hyperlipidemia. Peak serum triglyceride levels are observed within 2 to 4h of fat consumption and then gradually return to baseline levels within appr

• The CYP A genes are

  2021-05-19

  

  The CYP3A genes are regulated physiologically by glucocorticosteroids, growth hormone, thyroid hormones and cytokines [13, 20, 30]. It has been shown that glucocorticoid receptor (GR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) play an important ro

• These data indicate that in the context of

  2021-05-19

  

  These data indicate that, in the context of the N-terminal 42 amino acids of p53, threonine 18 is a substrate for phosphorylation by CK1 as mediated by prior phosphorylation of serine 15. To determine whether this is a property of full length p53, GST-p53 fusion proteins comprising the full length p

• br Genomic and non genomic

  2021-05-19

  

  Genomic and non-genomic signaling crosstalk As exemplified in the previous sections, it is evident that the mechanisms of action of estrogen in the various cell targets represent a combination of complex multifactorial processes. Besides the independent genomic and non-genomic pathways described

• Fusion genes are formed as the result of either

  2021-05-19

  

  Fusion genes are formed as the result of either structural chromosomal rearrangement including, primarily, translocation, inversion, amplification and deletion, or non-structural aberrations caused by cis- and trans-splicing or transcriptional read-through. Such events are known to play important ro

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