• br Results br Discussion The importance of mitochondria for

  2019-07-25

  

  Results Discussion The importance of mitochondria for the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis is now emerging. It is evident that, despite the well-known Warburg effect, tumors have active mitochondrial bioenergetic metabolism (Marin-Valencia et al., 2012, Hensley et al., 2016). Disrup

• The collagen binding membrane proteins discoidin domain rece

  2019-07-25

  

  The collagen-binding membrane proteins, discoidin domain receptors 1 and 2 (DDR1 and DDR2) belong to the family of receptor tyrosine kinase and are expressed in a variety of mammalian cells.7, 8 These transmembrane glycoproteins (∼125 kDa) have been found to be over-expressed or atypically expressed

• In order to gain further insights

  2019-07-25

  

  In order to gain further insights into the role of peptidases in B. xylophilus, four cysteine proteases highly secreted by B. xylophilus (Cardoso et al., 2016) were selected four further characterisation. Materials and methods Results and discussion Structural prediction and analysis The i

• Materials and methods Cell culture and receptor gene transfe

  2019-07-25

  

  Materials and methods Cell culture and receptor gene transfection. PC12 MK-8931 were purchased from the Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. The cDNA for mouse CysLT1 or CysLT2 receptor (mCysLT1 and mCysLT2, subcloned into pcDNA3.0) was kindly gifted by Professor

• nitric oxide Two are the sigma receptors identified to

  2019-07-25

  

  Two are the sigma receptors identified to date: the non-opioid receptor, σ1R, and σ2R, whose identity with the Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC-1) protein is in doubt (Chu et al., 2015). Despite endogenous ligands have not been yet identified, drugs of abuse may interact with these

• Finally the recent work to

  2019-07-25

  

  Finally, the recent work to define the microcircuitry of the central amygdala and the role of specific cell populations in fear conditioning can stand as a useful model for advances in preclinical alcohol research. To date, the role of the amygdala in alcohol-related behaviors, and reward-related be

• Besides being an energy storing tissue adipose tissue acts a

  2019-07-25

  

  Besides being an energy storing tissue, adipose tissue acts as an active endocrine organ that secretes a number of biologically active adipokines involved in multiple physiological processes such as inflammation and lipid and glucose metabolism, with direct and indirect effects on reproduction [15,1

• In cholesterol synthesis HMG CoA

  2019-07-25

  

  In cholesterol synthesis, HMG-CoA reductase is the rate limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Statins or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are commonly used for management of hypercholesterolemia. The presence of an HMG-like moiety on these drugs allows them to competitively bind to the catalytic do

• Our results are the first to demonstrate that ERR acts

  2019-07-25

  

  Our results are the first to demonstrate that ERRγ acts as a catabolic regulator of cartilage degeneration and OA pathogenesis, and collectively support the idea that ERRγ could be a therapeutic target for OA Introduction DNA cytosine-5-methyltransferases (Dnmts) catalyze the methyl transfer fro

• In different body organs a number of biological

  2019-07-25

  

  In different body organs, a number of biological functions are generally mediated by binding of the extracellular substances to the particular transmembrane receptors, which results in subsequent signal stimulation by intracellular signaling cascades. These cascades function over the complex network

• br Conclusions We can conclude that

  2019-07-25

  

  Conclusions We can conclude that Arg293 is important but not indispensable for MeGlcA recognition by EcXyn30A since the R293A variant still retains activity and preference for MeGlcA-substituted substrates. The substrate specificity of GH30_8 glucuronoxylanases is most probably determined by an o

• Ultrasound is an acoustic wave

  2019-07-25

  

  Ultrasound is an acoustic wave with a frequency >20 kHz that needs a medium to propagate [20]. Accompanied by the spread of an ultrasonic wave, a series of alternating cycles of compression and rarefaction emerge in the liquid medium. During the rarefaction cycle, microbubbles are formed because of

• van Linden et al developed a comprehensive guide

  2019-07-24

  

  van Linden et al. developed a comprehensive guide that describes drug and ligand binding to more than 1200 human and mouse protein kinase domains [77]. Their KLIFS (kinase–ligand interaction fingerprint and structure) directory includes an alignment of 85 potential ligand binding-site residues occur

• The availabilities of serotonin and

  2019-07-24

  

  The availabilities of serotonin and dopamine are modulated by the serotonin transporter and catechol-O-methyltransferase enzyme. The serotonin transporter (5-HTT) is a key protein that reuptakes serotonin from the synaptic cleft back into synaptic boutons (Coleman et al., 2016; Talvenheimo et al., 1

• Ubiquitination is a reversible posttranslational modificatio

  2019-07-24

  

  Ubiquitination is a reversible posttranslational modification. The removal of Ub is carried out by enzymes known as deubiquitinases (DUBs). The antagonistic role played by these enzymes in the Ub pathway regulates the function of the ubiquitinated proteins, while maintaining the free Ub pool in euka

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